Seventh Chords

 Types of Chords

When ending a music it is called conclusive, but when it does not end it is called inconclusive.  When writing music you must determine wether the music is ending or not 

There are predominant chords, subdominant, and dominant chords. In the scale degree the 2 is considered a predominant chord becasue it comes before the 5th which is the dominant chord. The 4th in the scale is called a sub dominant because it comes just before the dominant and the 6th can be called a tonic because it has 2 notes similar to the tonic. 

The diffrent types of chords and where they are located in the scale. 

This is a next example of what happens in major and minor keys when playing chords. 

In major keys start on the tonic and go to teh predominant whihc can be either 2 or 4 and move to the dominant 5 or 5/ 7 then back to the tonic. 

In minor keys start on tonic but the predominant is a minor 2nd or minor 4th then to a dominant 5 to teh tonic

This video talks about the subdominant chords that is before the dominant chord. Soemtimes teh 4th chord can progress to the 5th or the 1 chord.  Moving to a 4th chord to the tonic is called a plagal cadence in music also known as amen chord. In jazz they use the chord 2 5/7 and 1.

In this video the main chord is the 5 chord. The 7th is usually called the leading tone because it leads to the tone which is one. The 7th is also called a dominant 7th chord.

Cadences

Authentic Cadences 

What are authentic adences in music?

Authentic cadences is a type of progression that uses a dominant to tonic chords to end a pharse of a music.

Authentic cadences are formed when the 5th chords moves to the 1 chord to the end of a musical pharse. 

These are the different examples of the type of authentic. Here you have perfect cadance that starts on the 5th and ends on the 1. Also imperfect authentic cadence thats starts on the 5th chord but first inverson and ends on the minor one. The melody ends on the 3 or 5 on a chord

This video explains to you the predominant and dominant and tonic chords and how you get each authentic cadence.

Voice leading is also a mjaor deal when learning about cadences. When deadling with voice leading which is also coming up with melody for the music or bass notes you need to have an idea of  how much space you need or how far you need to put each notes and chords. Also must neer double notes or over lap them. Overlapping notes means having a E in a tenor and a D in the alto. Also means that you can not have a lover voice higher thatn a upper voice.

When writing music you can use parallel motion and contrary motion. 

Parallel motion is when the upper voices in a music move up and the bass line moves the saem direction as them. 

Contrary motion is when the upper and bass line moves in different directions.

These are the different type of motions that are used in music. 

Lesson 6

 Consonance and dissonance 

Today we started chorale style music which involves the SATB format. SATB stands for soparono, alto, tenor and bass.

Counterpoint are two independent lines that combine together to make a harmony.

Tendency notes are notes with in the key that can be resolve whether from a leading tone or chordal tone in a specific direction 

There are also notes we call conconance and dissonance.

What is dissonance. Dissonace is the sound of two harsh or unstable notes being played the same time when playing chords or intervals and because of the dissonance makes you want to resolve the dissonance into something better or uplifiting. Some examples of dissonance are

The opposite of dissonance is consonance. Consonance notes or intervals are played stably or having a pleasant sound and having a feeling that you don’t need to change to a different chord. When playing consonance, you do not get the feeling of wanting to change that chord because it already sounds perfect. Some examples are major 3^rd, perfect 5^th, major 6^th and others.

Here there is an example of chorale music using the SATB format

Here is where you can see  consonances and dissonance intervals 

To give a better example of how consonance and dissonance intervals are played here is a video from Diana Newton giving you the examples of dissonance and consonance. 

This is a better understanding of what tendeny notes and how they can be resolve.